Commercial contract negotiation is often treated as the final formality before signing, the moment when an agreed deal is put on paper. In practice it is where risk is allocated, where the limits of each party’s obligations are drawn and where you find out whether the relationship will actually work once delivery starts. Whether you
Trademark registration in Turkey is often postponed by foreign brands until the first distributor agreement is signed or the first store opens. By then, it can be too late. Turkey follows a first-to-file system, and in fast-growing sectors local players, competitors and opportunistic applicants regularly file for names that are already in use abroad. A
Crypto regulation in Turkey has moved from a grey area to a licensing regime supervised by the Capital Markets Board of Türkiye (CMB, known locally as SPK) in less than two years. For international exchanges, custody providers and Web3 companies looking at one of the largest retail crypto markets in the region, the key questions
KVKK cross-border data transfer rules are among the first compliance questions any international company faces once it starts processing personal data in Turkey. Sending employee records to a group HR system, hosting customer data with a global cloud provider or sharing CRM data with a foreign parent company all count as transfers abroad under Turkey’s
A shareholders agreement in Turkey is usually the first document a foreign investor asks for when entering a Turkish company, and the one most often drafted on the wrong assumptions. Investors arrive with term sheets and templates built for English, Delaware or Dutch law, where a shareholders agreement can shape the company’s governance almost freely.
Turkey startup incentives took a significant step forward in 2026. Law No. 7582 Amending Certain Laws was adopted by the Turkish Grand National Assembly on 21 May 2026 and published in the Official Gazette No. 33270 of 4 June 2026. Public attention focused mostly on its asset amnesty provisions, yet the law also contains a